Explain checksum error detection mechanism with a suitable example.

Checksum:

1. A checksum is an error-detecting technique in data communication that can be applied to a message of any length. On the Internet, this technique is mostly used at the network and transport layer rather than the data link layer.
2. In the checksum error detection scheme, the data is divided into k segments, each of m bits. On the sender’s end, the segments are added using 1’s complement arithmetic to get the sum. The sum is complemented to get the checksum.
3. The checksum segment is sent along with the data segments. At the receiver’s end, all received segments are added using 1’s complement arithmetic to get the sum. The sum is complemented. If the result is zero, the received data is accepted; otherwise, it is discarded.